Wadi al-Maghara (The Cave Valley) is located in the southern part of the Sinai Peninsula. In ancient times, Egyptian pharaohs sent miners and diggers to the area to extract copper and turquoise. In the valley of the cave there is a painting of King Khufu in defeating the enemies and in the role of the protector of this valley. Attention and importance to this region dates back to the period of two families of the first and second Egyptian rulers. Perhaps the connection of this region dates back to even before this family of rulers. They find that it dates back to the time of Pharaoh Zosertiti of the third family of the Pharaohs, although some archaeologists believe that these tablets and inscriptions belong to Pharaoh Samarkht of the first family of the Pharaohs.
History
The first group to be sent to this region in our time was the Zutern Research Group in 1809. Another group entered the area, led by the German Karl Lebsius. The group was able to obtain and draw a number of paintings on the rocks, then another group in 1868, led by CF Wilson and HS Ballmer, led by the British. The surveying office was sent to the area. The American explorer William Flinder Beatry also sent a reconnaissance and archeological team to the area between 1904 and 1905, where they explored the mines there and examined the hieroglyphic writing there. In 1932, another British expedition from Harvard University was sent to the Cave Valley, where they were able to find paintings on the rocks dating back to the Albatian period in the Qana Valley. Other expeditions were then sent to the area between 1967 and 1987, including some foreign delegations, including the Giffon expedition, which was able to obtain a tablet painted by Pharaoh Samarkht.
Posts and heights
The Cave Valley in the southern part of the Sinai Peninsula, 19 km from the Gulf of Suez in an area called Abu Suez. The cave valley has a deep pit and sandy rocky mountains. This region is rich in natural resources such as copper and turquoise. In the eastern part of the mountain slopes can be seen the remains of old settlements where stonecutters lived. In the western part, the entrance of old mines can be seen. In this area you can see hieroglyphic paintings and writings and paintings that various pharaohs ordered to draw and make. This region has been affiliated with the government of ancient Egypt since the time of King Khufu and the rulers before him. Over time, many of these monuments have destroyed ancient Egypt. What has survived from these works and survived the ravages of time is partly housed in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo. Also, the painting of Pharaoh Zoser from the third family of the Pharaohs is located in the valley of the cave. This painting was previously attributed to Pharaoh Samarkht from the first family of the Pharaohs.
Importance
Scholars believe that the Valley of the Caves was a well-known region among the ancient Egyptians even before the Pharaohs. Delegations to the area were able to find a hieroglyphic engraving and painting depicting a delegation to the area. Scientists speculated that the painting belonged to the time of Pharaoh Samarkht of the first dynasty of Egyptian pharaohs. It was used by Pharaoh Samarkht for trade and extraction of copper and turquoise. In the valley of the cave, a large number of paintings and hieroglyphic inscriptions have been found, which belonged to various Egyptian pharaohs during the Old and Middle Ages and the New Age. All the pharaohs paid special attention to this region by sending various delegations of miners and diggers to extract copper and turquoise. Among the pharaohs whose relics have been discovered in this area, we can mention the ancient pharaoh of San Nakht and Sanfro, who sent a military group to this area in order to discipline and suppress the thieves and provide security in this area to dominate and exploit it. . Also, the ancestor Pharaoh of the sixth family of Egyptian pharaohs has been sending a delegation to this region for 10 years, based on the findings of the German archaeologist Nicholas Jerimal. It is as if the criminal reviewed and translated 10 writings of the delegations sent to this region in the third round of security.
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